Get to know about Catholic Church
Catholic theology is based on the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it is the Church of One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic founded by Jesus Christ in his Great Commission, that his bishops are the successors of the apostles of Christ, and that the Pope is the successor of Saint Peter who was blessed by Jesus Christ. He stated that he practiced genuine Christian faith, preserving perfection, revealed by the sacred tradition. The Latin Church, institutions such as the monastic order and beggar orders and, twenty-three Eastern Catholic Churches attached reflect various spiritual and theological pressures in the church.Of the seven sacraments, the Eucharist is primary, celebrated liturgy at Mass. The Church teaches that through sanctification by a priest, sacrificed bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ. The Virgin Mary is respected in the Catholic Church as the Mother of God and Queen of Heaven, respected in dogma and devotion.
Its teachings include sanctification through faith and gospel evangelism and Catholic social teaching, which emphasizes voluntary support for the sick, the poor, and the oppressed through the work of spiritual and physical mercy. The Catholic Church is the largest provider of non-government education and health care in the world.
The Catholic Church has influenced Western culture, philosophy, art and science. Catholics live throughout the world through mission, diaspora, and repentance. Since the 20th century the majority lived in the southern hemisphere because of secularization in Europe, and increased persecution in the Middle East.
The Catholic Church shared alliances with the Eastern Orthodox Church until East-West Schism in 1054, which specifically debated the authority of the Pope, as well as with the Oriental Orthodox churches before the Chalcedon split in 451 due to differences in Christology. The 16th century reformation resulted in separatist Protestants.
The "Catholic"
Catholics, for the first time were used as a form to describe the church that grew in the early 2nd century. The first known use based on the phrase "catholic church" occurs in a letter written about 110 AD from Saint Antioch and Ignatius to Smirnaean. In Catechetical Lectures (c. 350) in Saint Cyril Jerusalem, the name "Catholic Church" is used to distinguish the Catholic Church from other groups who also call themselves "churches". The idea of "Catholicism" was increasingly emphasized in the de fide Catolica decree issued by 380 by Theodosius I, the last emperor who ruled the eastern and western parts of the Roman Empire, when he founded the state church of the Roman Empire.Since the East-West Schism in 1054, the Eastern Church has used the adjective "Orthodox" as its distinctive nickname (however, its official name remains "Orthodox Catholic Church") and the Western Church in communion with the Holy See has been taken "Catholic", guarding the description was also after the 16th century Protestant Reformation, when those who were no longer in the alliance were known as "Protestants".
While the "Church of Rome" has been used to describe the diocese of the Pope Rome since the fall of the Western Roman Empire and into the Early Middle Ages (6th - 10th century), the "Roman Catholic Church" has been applied to all churches in English since the Protestant Reformation in the late century -16. The use of "Roman Catholicism" is often listed in documents printed and produced by the Holy See, which were then applied to local diocesan conferences, and certain national bishops.
The name "Catholic Church" for all churches is used in the Catechism of the Catholic Church (1990), and the Code of Canon Law (1983). We also use the names "Catholic Church" and "Roman Church" in the documents of the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965), First Vatican Council (1869-1870), Council of Trent (1545-1563), and many other official documents.
Organization of the Catholic Church
The Catholic Church follows an episcopal government, led by bishops who have received the sacrament of the Holy Order who is given official jurisdiction in the church. There are three levels of clergy, episcopates, consisting of bishops who hold jurisdiction over a geographical area called diocese or eparchy; The Presbyterate, consisting of priests ordained by bishops and who work in dioceses or local religious orders; and diaconates, which consist of deacons who help bishops and priests in various ministry roles.What eventually led the entire Catholic Church was the Bishop of Rome, commonly called the Pope, whose jurisdiction was called the Holy See. In line with the structure of existing dioceses, religious institutions that function autonomously, so often only subject to the authority of the Pope, although sometimes also subject to the local bishop. Most religious institutions only have male or female members but some have both. In addition, lay members help many liturgical functions during the service.
Hierarchy of the Catholic Church
The hierarchy of the Catholic Church is headed by the Bishop of Rome, known as the Pope (Latin: papa; "father"), who is the leader of the Catholic Church throughout the world. The current Pope, Francis, was chosen on March 13, 2013 by the papal conclave.The Pope's office is known as the papacy. The Catholic Church argues that Christ instituted the papacy after giving the keys of Heaven to St. Peter. His ecclesiastical jurisdiction is called the "Holy See" (Sancta Sedes in Latin), or "Apostolic See" (meaning the throne of the apostle Peter). Directly serving the Pope is the Roman Curia, the central government body that manages the daily business of the Catholic Church.
The Pope is also the Lord of the Vatican City, a small city-state completely enclosed within the city of Rome, which is a different entity from the Holy See. As head of the Holy See, not as head of the Vatican City State, the Pope receives state ambassadors and sends them his own diplomatic representatives. The Holy See also conferred orders, decorations, and medals, such as the knight's orders from the Middle Ages.
While the famous St. Peter's Basilica is located in the Vatican City, above the traditional site of St. Peter's tomb, the papal cathedral for the Roman Diocese is Saint John Lateran, which is located in Rome, despite enjoying extraterritorial privileges accredited by the Holy See. .
The cardinal position is the rank of honor bestowed by the Popes to certain clergy, such as leaders in the Roman Curia, bishops who serve in major cities and prominent theologians. For advice and assistance in organizing, the Pope can switch to the College of Cardinals.
Following the death or resignation of a Pope, members of the College of Cardinals under the age of 80 act as electoral colleges, meeting in the papal conclave to elect a successor. Although the conclave can choose any Catholic male as Pope, since 1389 only the cardinal has been elected.
Canon Law of the Catholic Church
The canon law of the Catholic Church is a legal system and legal principles that are established and enforced by hierarchical authorities to regulate external organizations and church governments and to direct and direct Catholic activities towards the mission of the church.In the Catholic Church, universal positive ecclesiastical law, which is based on immutable divine and natural law, or a law that changes and is only positive, obtains formal authority and announcements from the Pope's office which, as Deputy Pope, have total legislative, executive and judicial power in him. It has all the usual elements of a mature legal system: law, courts, lawyers, judges, fully coded legal codes, principles of legal interpretation and forced punishment which are limited to moral coercion.
Canon law concerns the life and organization of the Catholic Church and is different from civil law. In its own field, civil law is only enforced with specific enforcement in matters such as guardianship of minors. Similarly, civil law can provide strength in its field to canon law, but only with specific enforcement, in connection with canonical marriage. At present, the 1983 Canon Law applies mainly to the Latin Church. Different Eastern Church Canon Code (CCEO, after the Latin initials) applies to the autonomous Eastern Catholic Church.
The Catholic Church Doctrine
Catholic doctrine has evolved for centuries, and is a reflection of the direct teachings of early Christians, the formal definition of heretical and orthodox beliefs by ecumenical councils and papal oxen, and theological debates by scholars. The church believes that it is constantly guided by the Holy Spirit when it finds new theological problems and is perfectly protected from doctrinal errors when a decisive decision about a problem is reached.It teaches that revelation comes from one common source, God, in two different ways of transmission: namely the Scriptures and the Sacred Traditions, and that this is interpreted authentically by the Magisterium. The Bible consists of 73 books from the Catholic Bible, which consists of 46 Old Testaments and 27 New Testament writings. The Sacred Tradition consisting of the teachings believed by the church has been passed down since the time of the Apostles.
The Scriptures and Holy Traditions are collectively known as "entrusted faith" (depositum fidei in Latin). This in turn was interpreted by the Magisterium (from the master, Latin for "teacher"), the authority of church teaching, carried out by the Pope and the College of Bishops who were united with the Pope, bishop of Rome. Catholic doctrine is officially summarized in the Catechism of the Catholic Church, published by the Holy See. https://bit.ly/2W2F3JS